What are some common in-vitro diagnostic reagents used in medical laboratories?

The medical laboratory is an important diagnostic tool that analyzes biological molecules in the body, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, to diagnose a patient's health status. In vitro diagnostic reagents are commonly used diagnostic tools in medical laboratories, mainly used for in vitro diagnosis, pathogen detection, drug concentration detection, and tumor marker detection.

I. Commonly Used Hematology Reagents

Hematology reagents are the most common type of in vitro diagnostic reagents, mainly used for the detection and diagnosis of blood-related diseases, including anemia, leukemia, hemophilia, and thrombocytopenia.

I. Hemoglobin Test Reagents: Mainly used to detect the hemoglobin content in blood, usually used for the detection of anemia.

II. Hematology Reagents: Include blood cell count, hemoglobin detection, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin content, etc., used to detect information about the number, components, and functions of cells in the blood.

III. Coagulation Function Reagents: Used to detect indicators such as coagulation time and coagulation factor activity, usually used to detect coagulation-related diseases and the effects of drugs.

II. Commonly Used Immunology Reagents

Immunology reagents are widely used in vitro diagnostic reagents, mainly used for the detection and diagnosis of immune-related diseases, including infectious diseases, immunodeficiency diseases, and autoimmune diseases.

I. ELISA Reagents: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, mainly used to detect cancer markers, viral infections, and antibody semi-quantification.

II. Flow Cytometry Reagents: Mainly used to detect immune cell surface markers, cell typing, and activity.

III. Immunochromatographic Reagents: Mainly used for semi-quantitative or quantitative detection of proteins, hormones, and cytokines.

III. Commonly Used Biochemistry Reagents

Biochemistry reagents are mainly used in in vitro diagnostic reagents for biochemical parameter detection, including metabolic abnormalities, liver function abnormalities, and kidney function abnormalities.

I. Liver Function Reagents: Include indicators such as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and glucose, used to detect liver function abnormalities.

II. Renal Function Reagents: Include indicators such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid, used to detect renal function abnormalities.

III. Blood Glucose Reagents: Mainly used to detect abnormal glucose metabolism, including glucose tolerance tests and glycosylated hemoglobin.

IV. Lipid Metabolism Reagents: Mainly used to detect abnormal blood lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein.

IV. Commonly Used Microbiology Reagents

Microbiology reagents are mainly used to detect pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

I. PCR Reagents: Polymerase chain reaction, mainly used to detect the DNA or RNA of pathogenic microorganisms.

II. Bacterial Culture Reagents: Mainly used to isolate and identify bacteria.

III. Quantitative PCR Reagents: Mainly used for quantitative detection of the DNA or RNA of pathogenic microorganisms.

In addition to the reagents listed above, there are also serological reagents, drug concentration detection reagents, tumor marker reagents, and other types of reagents. Different types of reagents have different application scenarios and processing methods.